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大众彩票平台2023-01-31 16:05

中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

  中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

  资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

  由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

  麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

  一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

  此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

  作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。

  美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

  这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。

  从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

  两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

  (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

  The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

  Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

  On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

  On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

  Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

  As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

  But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

  CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

  This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

  Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

  From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

  Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

  The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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95后消费态度:社交“众乐乐”生活“享一人”******

  随着时间的流逝,后浪95后已逐渐长大。作为未来最重要的新增消费力量,他们表现出了“独乐乐不如众乐乐”的社交态度,将小众圈层文化推向大众。同时,在生活态度上,他们能够静享“单身时光”,在找到伴侣或成家前,一个人的日子也绝不凑合,带动单身经济崛起。

  国潮汉服“破圈”

  小众圈层文化走向大众

  95后的圈层文化众所周知。《成年95后消费趋势研究》显示,他们秉持着独乐乐不如众乐乐的态度,凭一己之力将各小众圈层文化推向大众,推向了更多代际的人群,国潮与汉服就是最典型的代表。以汉服为例,几年前,只有一小部分人热衷于讨论中国传统文化,在线上秀汉服,鲜少有人在线下穿汉服。不过几年时间,汉服已经成为日常装扮风格之一,出现在街头、商场等各类公共场所,普通大众也习以为常。汉服成功从“三坑”文化成为大众服饰文化。

  一份基于得物App95后群体的调研报告显示,新生代对传统文化的追寻由外至里,掀起新国潮。白皮书显示,72%的95后年轻人对中国传统文化具备较强的认同感。以中国文化、民族特色与手工艺为创意源头的国风浪潮,持续为全球潮流提供重要养分。

  值得关注的是,这届年轻人消费也要明明白白。去年,“雪糕刺客”一词走红网络,网友对不明就里地被动消费“高价”雪糕表示不满。根据OMG数据显示,在社交平台上关于“雪糕刺客”的讨论发帖中约有四成为95后。他们比起其他代际人群更懂得运用互联网来获取信息,做出最适合自己的判断。他们让消费返璞归真,回归理性使用,他们不需要任何“嘴替”,会主动拒绝不适合自己的产品。

  一个人也不凑合

  “单身经济”崛起

  随着更多95后长大成人,未做出成家选择之前,越来越多的独生子女加入“独行侠”行列。95后的独行,不单单是成为一名孤独美食家,他们的“独身”体现在方方面面:单身公寓的出现,一个人定制旅行产品的上线、迷你歌房的普及、迷你小家电的热销都体现了他们一个人也能很快乐的理念。

  也因此,商家针对“一人经济”做足准备:食品行业推出半份菜、小包装产品;家电行业推出迷你小家电,娱乐行业如剧本杀密室纷纷推出拼场活动等,都在为单身年轻人提供更多生活、娱乐方面的便利。

  此外,越来越多的95后会养“四脚吞金兽”来陪伴自己。调查显示,目前国内铲屎官的年龄分布中有35%为95后,占比高于其他年龄代际。宠物陪伴已成为“空巢青年”的一种心灵陪伴。他们将宠物视为家人,晒猫遛狗成为他们的日常。还有约三成的95后宠物主表示,养宠物后自己的社交能力变强了。

  愿意为兴趣“买单”

  犒赏自己不含糊

  这届年轻人更愿意把钱花在哪里呢?《腾讯00后研究报告》显示,62%的00后愿意为自己的兴趣投入很多时间和金钱。77%的00后容易为有自己熟悉或喜欢元素的产品买单。与动漫、学习、游戏等方面内容结合的产品,更容易引起他们的关注。

  数据显示,冲动消费、犒赏自己、虚拟偶像、二次元、手办等相关声量中,95后近半年来排名进入首位。

  分析显示,到2024年,全球元宇宙的市场规模将达到8000亿美元。中国95后虽然在数字领域的“氪金”程度略低于85后,但是增速明显,预计不久后将反超其他代际人群。

  新生代将虚拟生活融入现实,也乐于用科技加持消费体验。基于得物App95后群体的调研报告也显示,超过24%的一线及新一线城市的95后更被数字化的品牌互动方式所吸引:他们希望通过VR、AR、数字藏品等方式与品牌产生关联。因此,众多品牌加速开发和应用虚拟技术,与新生代建立更加沉浸的链接,吸引更多年轻粉丝群体。

  此外,95后人群具有高潜力、高活力、高调性三大特征,愿意为品质、体验、审美、价值观付费。在品质方面,他们对产品的原材料、工艺、功能性提出更高要求:更多人在意购买的产品是否为正品,品质感成为潮流消费时最看重的三大因素之一;审美方面,年轻人群“以审美画圈”,对有共同审美的人更有认同感。

  文/本报记者 陈斯

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