中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
国家版权局在文博会期间举办“版权让文化生活更美好”主题展****** 12月28日，第十八届中国（深圳）国际文化产业博览交易会（以下简称文博会）开幕，国家版权局首次作为主办单位之一，举办了“版权让文化生活更美好”主题展。中宣部副部长张建春在文博会主会场巡馆期间，到版权主题展调研。
主题展现场（本文图片由国家版权局 供图） “版权让文化生活更美好”主题展以丰富的内容和新颖的形式，全面展示了党的十八大以来,在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下,中国版权立法、版权保护、版权服务、版权国际交流合作、版权宣传教育助力提升中华文化事业繁荣发展方面取得的重大成就，为文博会现场观众更好了解版权的价值和意义提供了参考。 主题展重点回顾了《著作权法》实施30多年来，经过三次修订，形成了以《著作权法》为核心，行政法规、国际条约、部门规章、司法解释和地方性法规为组成部分，既与国际规则接轨，又具有中国特色，既适应市场经济要求，又体现新技术发展的完备的版权法律体系。特别是在党的十八大以来，我国深化版权司法审判领域改革，健全审判机构，强化审判监督指导，版权司法保护更加坚定有力，有效维护权利人的合法利益；各级版权行政管理部门坚持日常监管与专项行动相结合，探索运用技术手段，严厉打击各类侵权盗版行为，不断加大惩治力度。针对盗版音像制品以及北京冬奥会等重大活动开展专项整治，连续多年开展打击侵权盗版专项治理行动，版权执法监管力度不断加大，版权执法监管成效显著，为营造法治化、国际化、便利化的一流营商环境和有利于科技创新、文化繁荣的良好环境发挥了重要的保驾护航作用。
展台图片 “版权助力文化传承与蓬勃发展”部分重点展示了党的十八大以来，版权产业对国民经济的贡献逐步加大，出版物版权输出量持续增长，版权推动电影、音乐、文化娱乐、互联网等产业快速发展的成效。该部分还就国家版权局开展全国版权示范工作、打造全国版权展会授权交易体系、开展国家版权创新发展基地试点工作、进行全国作品和计算机软件著作权登记、设立著作权集体管理组织等全面推动版权运用和价值转化进行了展示。 “丰富多彩的版权宣传教育讲好中国版权故事”部分主要展示了自1991年《著作权法》颁布实施以来，中国先后批准加入了8个版权相关国际条约，包括推动视听产业发展的《视听表演北京条约》和世界上唯一一部版权领域的人权条约——《马拉喀什条约》。随着中国的版权国际影响力逐步增强，开展了版权保护优秀案例示范点调研项目，推动民间文艺版权保护国内立法和国际推广联动，助力中华优秀传统文化“传下去”“活起来”“走出去”。 版权主题展主办方表示，党的二十大擘画了以中国式现代化推进中华民族伟大复兴的宏伟蓝图，也为中国版权事业高质量发展提出了新任务、新要求。版权工作将坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，围绕文化强国、知识产权强国、版权强国建设，不断激发文化创新创造活力，推动文化高质量发展，优化营商环境，促进国际交流合作，努力讲好中国版权故事，为社会主义文化新辉煌提供有力版权支撑。(赖名芳) 编辑：刘一文 审核：杨为民 大众彩票地图 |
